Ideas for Boosting Bitcoin's Transaction Capacity

Hey everyone With all this talk about making Bitcoin scale better, I’ve been pondering some ways to boost transaction capacity without compromising on security or decentralization. Sure, the Lightning Network has helped a lot, but it still feels like it hasn't been fully embraced by everyone just yet. Are there any tweaks or updates to the Bitcoin protocol that might help ease the load when there’s a surge in transactions? I've come across SegWit and Taproot upgrades, but I’m curious if there are any smaller, more immediate changes we could make to the main protocol to enhance throughput. Should we think about upping the block size limit again, or are there other routes the community is considering? Also, what’s the general vibe on using second-layer solutions to ramp up transaction capacity? Are there still chances for improvement there, or do we need to wait a bit longer for these technologies to really take off? Thanks!

Covenants. I highly doubt it. The best argument for 4 MB block size is that we already have 4 MB block size. The roadmap since 2017 is focused on second layer solutions, as arbitrarily messing with the block size introduces a lot of problems, and it has already attempted and failed in the past. (Bitcoin Cash & SV) From the ones that are currently developed, I can only count on Ark: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5505515.msg64404038#msg64404038.

Just like Blackhatcoiner mentioned, how larger could it be increased to without causing potential loopholes in the network? The SEGWIT upgrade is enough for now if you ask me. Basically the issues that make it seem like the upgrade isn't good enough to satisfy the net transaction demands of the network are usually a one time problem and more of a sentimental one ,  with something like sudden FOMO causing people to move coins in a rush with high fees and then congestion becomes a problem for a while. Other Layer 2 solutions like the lightning network is ok to use for relatively smaller transactions in rare cases of congestion but most people seldom make use of them it seems most persons are more familiar with going on chain.

I believe Bitcoin block size limit should be increased, with reasonable limit and testing. But majority of Bitcoin community prefer continue to develop LN, sidechain or other L2 solutions. Or rather up to 4MB block size. In last year, block have average size 1.66MB[1] since only part of TX considered as witness data. That's true. Although it's worth to mention that BSV failed since it's created by fraud and scammer, while BCH riddled with many controversy (such as supported by Jihan Wu who implement covert ASICBoost[2] which isn't compatible with SegWit). [1] https://statoshi.info/d/000000002/blocks?orgId=1&from=now-1y&to=now [2] https://thebitcoinmanual.com/articles/asicboost/